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Inflammation and glomerular dysfunction, is a small filters in the kidneys called glomerulonephritis. Parents should know the causes and symptoms of glomerulonephritis in children and the condition requires immediate medical care.

Renal function is to filter waste products, salt and water from the bloodstream. There are millions of nephrons in each kidney that help get rid of waste. This in turn helps maintain normal blood pressure. Glomerulus (plural glomeruli is) is a small blood vessel in the nephron that actually filters the blood in the urine formation. Glomeruli are microscopic filters in the kidney. Inflammation of the small glomeruli is termed as glomerulonephritis. Glomerulonephritis in children may be acute or chronic.

Causes of glomerulonephritis in children

Children who belong to the age group 6-10 and young adults are more likely to suffer from glomerulonephritis. Sudden or progressive glomerular inflammation can damage the glomeruli. Sudden inflammation of the glomeruli in children is known as acute glomerulonephritis. If this condition develops gradually, it is referred to as chronic glomerulonephritis. Acute glomerulonephritis in children is usually noticed a week or two after the throat infection. Symptoms of acute glomerulonephritis are usually mild. When the disease develops over several years, the symptoms are severe. It has frequently been noticed that three to four weeks after infection of the skin. The exact cause of glomerulonephritis is unknown. Immune system disorders, bacterial infections of the throat or streptococcal infection in the upper airways (known as acute or APSGN Poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis), skin infections, can lead to glomerulonephritis. Malaria, autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, some arterial disease or genetic condition causing glomerulonephritis. Chronic glomerulonephritis in patients with diabetes or hepatitis. Inhalation of toxic substances in the environment can also cause glomerulonephritis.

Glomerulonephritis should be treated properly and immediately. Untreated glomerulonephritis can lead to kidney failure. Thus, recognition of symptoms of glomerulonephritis, especially in children, it is very important. As children may not be able to describe the symptoms correctly.

Symptoms of glomerulonephritis in children • Less urination
 • Sore throat
 • Weight Loss
 • Headache
 • Brown and foamy urine
 • The red strings of blood in the urine
 • Excessive fatigue, lethargy, drowsiness
 • Difficulty in breathing
 • joint pain
 • High blood pressure
 • Itching sensation
 • Hiccups
 • nausea, loss of appetite
 • Seizures
 • Lack of concentration, confusion
 • Skin rash
 • Pale skin
 • accumulation of fluid in tissues, swelling


 Urine and blood tests help diagnose glomerulonephritis. Throat swabs and ultrasound also help detect kidney glomerulonephritis. In some cases, a biopsy is performed for proper diagnosis. The widespread use of antibiotics reduced the chances of APSGN. Treatment may vary depending on the cause of illness and intensity. Age and general health status of the patient is taken into account when designing treatment.

Diuretics help increase urination. Antibiotics, steroids and other medications to help improve the immune system. There is no cure for chronic glomerulonephritis and treatment is focused on reducing complications. Treatment is designed so that helps the kidneys to function without fail. Treatment must continue throughout life. Patients are asked to the low protein. Diet must be low in sodium and potassium. Complete bed and restricted fluid intake helps improve the condition. There is a chance of kidney failure in severe cases. Complications can lead to hypertension, high protein levels in urine, high blood cholesterol, and edema. Kidney transplantation or renal dialysis may be necessary to time. So we need to take preventive measures and immediate treatment to control the disorder.

The kidneys filter the blood and help maintain electrolyte balance, such as calcium, sodium, phosphorus and potassium. Kidney disease can therefore seriously jeopardize the functioning of the body. Glomerulonephritis in children requires immediate medical attention. Patients must follow your doctor's instructions religiously.